1$ investment sites 2021

I’m a big fan of passive investments. In fact, not only do I have some myself, but I’m always on the hunt to find a few more.

My list of forex bonuses

The 10 Best Passive Income Investments For 2021 – Make Money While You Sleep, 1$ investment sites 2021.

Passive investments are the perfect way to invest because they enable you to earn money while you’re busy doing other things. An example is fundrise. The platform offers two very distinct investments. The first is what’s known as an ereit, which is a non-publicly traded REIT available only through fundrise. You can invest in an ereit with as little as $500. The fundrise ereit has been producing returns ranging between 8% and 12% per year over the last several years.

The 10 best passive income investments for 2021 – make money while you sleep!

I’m a big fan of passive investments. In fact, not only do I have some myself, but I’m always on the hunt to find a few more. Passive investments are the perfect way to invest because they enable you to earn money while you’re busy doing other things.

Some of the best passive income investments for 2021 include a few you’re probably already aware of. But there are also a generous number you’ve probably never heard of.

Either way, it helps to have a list of passive income options available to help you choose the ones that will work best for you.

Here’s my list of the 10 best passive income investments for 2021:

1. Dividend paying stocks

Dividend paying stocks may not provide the explosive price appreciation seen with pure growth stocks, but they offer steady, predictable returns. And because of those steady returns, they tend to enjoy more price stability while providing a regular cash flow.

But unlike fixed income investments, like certificates of deposit, dividend paying stocks also offer capital appreciation to go with those dividends. That will give you the benefit of both a stable cash flow and price appreciation. What’s more, these stocks typically pay higher dividend yields than the sub-1% rates currently being paid on savings accounts, money markets and cds.

“the advantage to buying a stock that consistently pays a dividend versus a bond is bond payments are fixed and don’t increase over time,” notes robert R. Johnson, professor of finance at heider college of business, creighton university, and CEO and chair at economic index associates. “dividend paying stocks not only have a cash flow, but typically that dividend payment increases markedly over time. In addition, stock prices generally rise over extended periods of time.”

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Adds johnson: “coca-cola, hormel, genuine parts, procter & gamble and johnson & johnson are all examples of dividend kings that have increased dividends for more than 50 consecutive years.”

Dividend aristocrats

One place to find the best dividend paying stocks is with the dividend aristocrats. The list currently includes 65 stocks, each listed on the S&P 500, and providing at least 25 years of steady dividend increases.

“when you own a dividend aristocrat you own shares of a business whose management has proven it understands its fiduciary responsibility to shareholders,” recommends marc lichtenfeld, chief income strategist at the oxford club. “by prioritizing establishing a track record of annual dividend raises for a quarter of a century or more, there is less of a chance of making boneheaded and expensive acquisitions or ill-timed stock buybacks. Furthermore, you can be confident it's a company that knows how to grow its cash flow in order to sustain the annual dividend increases.”

Examples of high dividend stocks included in the dividend aristocrats are AT&T (7.2% yield), cardinal health inc. (4.3%), and abbvie inc. (5.0%).

But if you prefer, you can invest in a dividend aristocrat ETF. The proshares S&P 500 dividend aristocrats ETF has a current dividend yield of 2.57%, and has returned an average of 12.52% annually for the past five years (through december 31, 2020), including 8.37% in 2020.

2. Real estate

Of course, I mean investment real estate, the kind that produces rental income. If you own your home, you’re already aware of the potential for capital appreciation. Investment real estate plays on that appreciation, and more.

With investment property, you’ll rent the home to tenants. At a minimum, the rent should cover the monthly mortgage payment. But as rent levels rise over the years, the property will eventually produce a positive cash flow.

All while that process is taking place, the value of the property is rising. At that point, you’re profiting from two different directions – capital appreciation and a net profit on rent.

If you hold the property until the mortgage is paid, you’ll have a choice to either keep the property and collect an even larger share of the rent as profit, or sell the property for a huge, one-time windfall.

In fairness to reality, however, it has to be said that rental real estate is at best a semi-passive investment. You will need to be involved in purchasing the property, getting it ready for occupancy, and finding new tenants each time a previous one moves out. And throughout the process, there will be maintenance and repair requirements that will cost you in money, time, or both.

3. Real estate investment trusts (reits)

If you want to invest in real estate, but you don’t want the responsibility of maintaining one or more individual properties, you can invest in real estate investment trusts, commonly known as reits.

Reits are something like mutual funds that invest in real estate. But not just any real estate – a typical REIT holds commercial properties. Those can include office buildings, retail centers, large apartment complexes, medical facilities and other types of non-residential property.

Reits distribute net income from the trust in the form of dividends. But you’ll also participate in capital appreciation when properties within the trust are sold.

Historically, commercial property has been one of the most profitable ways to invest in real estate. Reits will give you an opportunity to invest in these properties, similar to the way you invest in stocks. You can buy and sell shares in these trusts through major brokerage firms.

“real estate investment trusts (reits) are a unique business structure that invests in real estate and requires the organization to distribute over 90% of its funds from operations to investors in order to qualify as a REIT,” explains greg hahn, chief investment officer at winthrop capital management.

Hahn suggests national retail properties (NNN) and medical properties trust (MPW), each offering distribution yields greater than 5%.

Hahn also cautions: “reits are highly leveraged since the underlying real estate in the trust is typically secured with a senior commercial mortgage loan up to 75% on a loan-to-value basis. While reits offer higher income for investors, they are highly volatile and are more correlated with the stock market than with bond investments.”

4. Peer-to-peer (P2P) loans

P2P lending is a way to earn higher returns on your investments by making loans directly to consumers. P2P lenders make personal loans available to consumers for various purposes, and monthly payments are collected and paid to the investors in those loans.

As an investor, you don’t typically purchase an entire loan. Instead, you’ll purchase slices of loans, referred to as “notes”. These notes can be purchased for as little as $25. That means you can spread an investment of $5,000 across 200 different notes.

Because you are acting as a direct lender to consumers, the interest rate returns on your investment are much higher than you can get through more conventional investments.

One of the largest of the P2P lending platforms, prosper, reports an average annual return of 5.3%, which is well above what you can get with bank savings products and U.S. Treasury securities. (the traditional leader in the P2P space, lending club, is no longer accepting new investments due to their recent acquisition of radius bank.)

5. Create and sell an online course

This is another passive income source I like because it’s one I’ve done myself successfully. And I’m hardly the only one. Thousands of people are earning passive streams of income from creating and selling online courses.

Now the online course strategy will require something of an upfront investment, and that will be your time and effort in creating the course. But you can get help doing that through online services, such as udemy and kajabi.

You’ll need to choose your course topic carefully. It will need to be one where you have expert knowledge of the subject matter. The topic potential here is almost unlimited. You can produce online courses on how to start a new business, how to invest, build a tiny home, get out of debt, homeschool your children – you name it.

One of the best ways to find online course topics is to scout around and see how many there are in a given niche. If there are a large number, it’s an excellent sign that demand for that topic is high.

Once you’ve created your course, you can sell it through blogs and websites that cover the same topic niche. You can offer your course under an affiliate arrangement, in which you’ll pay sites a percentage of the fee you’ll collect for each course sold through that site.

If you get your course advertised on multiple related websites, the cash from sales will come rolling in, without any effort from you. You can increase your cash flow from the same product by advertising for sale on additional websites.

6. Intermediate bond funds

If you like interest income investments, intermediate bonds can be an excellent choice. They pay much higher rates of interest than banks and US treasury securities.

And while they aren’t risk-free, they’re much more stable than long-term bonds. Intermediate bonds typically have maturities of less than 10 years, which makes them much less sensitive to interest rate changes that can lower the market value of longer-term bonds when interest rates rise.

“reits and dividend stocks are stocks, which means they’re risky” warns holmes osborne, at osbourne global investors. “meanwhile, real estate is at an all-time high – and also risky. Intermediate bond funds are the safest of the group of investments mentioned.”

Probably the best way to invest in bonds in a way that will provide adequate diversification is through bond funds.

An example is the schwab U.S. Aggregate bond ETF. It has a current yield of 2.4%, with a five-year average annual return of 4.31% through the end of 2020. The average maturity of the bonds in the fund is eight years, and more than 85% are rated AAA. That will give you high interest returns in combination with a reasonable level of security.

7. Robo-advisors

Robo-advisors may be the ultimate form of passive investing. For a very low advisory fee, a robo-advisor will construct a diversified portfolio, then provide ongoing management. That will include periodic rebalancing to maintain target asset allocations, and reinvestment of dividends. As an investor, your only job will be to fund your account – then relax.

“A robo-advisor—also known as a robo, a roboadvisor or a robo-adviser—is a type of brokerage account that automates the process of investing,” reports forbes contributor, miranda marquit. “most robos charge lower fees than conventional financial advisors because they invest your money in prebaked portfolios made primarily of specially chosen, low-fee exchange-traded funds (etfs). Some robo-advisors also offer access to other more customized investment options for advanced investors or those with larger account balances.”

Two of the most popular robo-advisors are betterment and wealthfront. Each will provide complete portfolio management for a very low fee of just 0.25% of your account balance. The passive nature of these robo-advisors makes them an excellent choice for either a retirement account or a taxable investment account.

8. Real estate crowdfunding

Real estate crowdfunding is another way to invest in real estate, but one that’s more specialized. That’s because they give you an opportunity to invest in very specific real estate investments.

An example is fundrise. The platform offers two very distinct investments. The first is what’s known as an ereit, which is a non-publicly traded REIT available only through fundrise. You can invest in an ereit with as little as $500. The fundrise ereit has been producing returns ranging between 8% and 12% per year over the last several years.

Similar to publicly traded reits, the fundrise ereit also invests in commercial real estate, like office buildings and apartment complexes.

But the platform also gives you the ability to invest in individual real estate transactions. This is done through a fundrise efund, which requires a minimum investment of $1,000.

Within the fund, either raw land is purchased and developed for sale, or existing properties are acquired, rehabbed, and sold at a profit.

It’s an opportunity to participate in the type of real estate transactions that produce big returns, but are also the kind you don’t want to take on by yourself.

9. Buy royalties

This is probably the most unique passive investment on this list, if only because few people are aware it even exists. But it’s a true source of passive income, but one with a unique twist.

Rather than investing in securities or property, you’ll be investing in licensing arrangements. In doing so, you’ll participate in the revenues generated by a wide variety of ventures, including music, videos, syndicated TV programs, mineral rights, products, oil and gas, and even venture capital financing deals.

All become available because the product creator or the original investor chooses to sell off royalties to generate immediate cash. By investing in those products or ventures, you’ll earn royalty income on your investment. It’s even possible to resell a royalty you’ve purchased later on.

You can invest in royalties through the royalty exchange. The exchange has been involved in a variety of royalty investments, including those by popular artists. The company claims to have completed more than 1,000 transactions worth over $84 million. The average return on investment is greater than 10% per year.

Before going into this type of investment, understand that each deal available is unique. The underlying product, the required minimum investment, the expected annual return, and the terms of the arrangement will vary with each royalty you invest in.

10. Payoff debt

You can think of paying off debt as an investment in reverse. It’s not an investment in the true sense of the term, but it produces a similar return. Closer to the truth, that return is considerably higher than what you will get on most income generating investments.

For example, let’s say you have a $10,000 credit card with an annual interest rate of 20%. By paying it off, the 20% interest you’re paying on the line disappears.

That’s the equivalent of 20% return on a $10,000 investment in something more conventional.

But what makes paying off debt even better is that you’ll achieve that high rate of return equivalent with virtually zero risk. Not only is there no risk of loss of principal, but the “return” is guaranteed at 20%.

If you’re looking for passive, income generating investments, you should pay off any high interest debt before making those investments. If not, you’ll be leaving a very generous guaranteed return on the table.

Bottom line

It’s fine to have some active investments, the kind you manage on a day-to-day basis. That may include picking your own stocks, investing in local businesses, or playing the fix-and-flip game with real estate.

But if you’ve acquired any amount of investment capital, the bulk of it should be invested in the kinds of ventures that will leave you free to do whatever you want in life. They generate income silently, which allows your wealth to grow while you’re busy doing other things – even sleeping!

Top 10 investment themes for 2021

The 2021 numbers that will be on top of the One Times Square building in New York City.

NEW YORK, NEW YORK: this year's new years eve celebration will be virtual and closed to the public. . [+] (photo by alexi rosenfeld)

2020 was a year like none other on so many different fronts, and I am sure that we are all happy to turn the calendar page to a new year that is hopefully filled with good health and some form of a return to relative normalcy. As you may recall, my overall theme for 2020 was initially, "the year of the 3 big E's"—earnings, the economy and the election—given the interconnected nature of these three factors. However, 2020 quickly turned into the "year of the covid-19 pandemic," where stocks and the economy were initially devastated by the lockdown measures that were put in place to help limit the spread of covid-19 and later staged remarkable recoveries into the end of the year.

As effective vaccines and therapeutics are now becoming available, I believe that the overriding macro theme of 2021 will be "the reopening of the global economy." in this regard, below are my top ten investment themes for 2021 for your review and consideration, remembering that while 2021 may turn out to be less volatile than 2020, the days of heightened bouts of volatility are certainly not behind us.

1. Areas of covid-19 leadership continue through 2021

How humans and businesses operate and interact continues to evolve, and that rate of change has never been quicker than it is right now. This evolution has occurred in areas including technology, commerce and healthcare. I contend that the already rapid evolution taking place, combined with the force of change brought on by the covif-19 pandemic, will allow the areas of technology, commerce (notably e-commerce) and healthcare to continue to provide economic and market leadership for years to come.

2. Expect more innovative healthcare solutions from biotech

The covid-19 pandemic served as a painful reminder of the need for innovative healthcare solutions worldwide. However, healthcare innovations were needed before the onset of the pandemic and will likely still be required to help treat and cure other rare and chronic diseases in the future. These innovative solutions typically come from smaller-cap biotech firms, which are then pursued as takeover targets by larger-cap pharmaceutical companies. I don't anticipate the rate of biotech mergers and acquisition (M&A) activity to slow down considerably anytime soon.

3. Transformational technologies for a transforming society

While I anticipate the gradual reopening of the global economy throughout 2021, many pre-covid societal norms have undergone immense transformation. Society will likely continue to communicate, work, shop and educate more remotely than they ever have before. Technology will continue to assist with this societal transformation. Specifically, transformational or revolutionary technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, blockchain and even 5G, will be of paramount importance to individuals, corporations and governments. These transformations' critical nature should help provide growth potential for the stocks of well-run and well-positioned companies providing these types of technologies.

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4. More exponential growth for E-commerce

The transition from traditional, in-person retail sales to online sales was well underway before the covid-19 pandemic, due, in large part, to the speed and convenience of shopping online. Consider that e-commerce sales accounted for just 4.2% of total U.S. Retail sales in the first quarter of 2010 and recently accounted for 16.1% in the second quarter of 2020, according to statista. Covid-19 has accelerated the transition from traditional brick-and-mortar shopping to online commerce further. For example, during the height of covid-19 associated lockdowns in april 2020, U.S. E-commerce increased by 49%. It is also estimated that e-commerce sales will increase by approximately 36% during the 2020 holiday shopping season, while traditional brick-and-mortar sales are expected to decrease by nearly 5% over the same timeframe. E-commerce isn't just a short-lived fad, it's here to stay, and investment opportunities exist for companies that derive revenue from their overall e-commerce ecosystem roles.

5. Smaller caps positioned to outperform larger caps

Large-cap U.S. Stocks have been on quite a run. Consider that the large-cap dominated dow jones industrial average and S&P 500 index both hit all-time highs in 2020. The S&P 500 even staged a remarkable recovery from the low closing level of 2,237 recorded on march 23, 2020. Consider that the S&P 500's closing level of 3,663 on december 11, 2020, equated to a 64% rebound off of the march 23 bottom. However, this record run has resulted in some lofty valuations as the price/earnings ratio (P/E) of the S&P 500 as of december 11, 2020, was 28.65, compared with a 10-year average P/E for this index of 18.40. This historically high valuation level does not suggest that U.S. Large-cap stocks can't, or won't, move higher in the new year. On the contrary, investors will likely need to be a lot more selective to find additional pockets of growth opportunities. One additional pocket to consider is smaller-cap stocks whose valuations are not as stretched as their larger-cap brethren and historically perform well during periods of economic recoveries.

6. International equities return to prominence

While many investors understand the benefits of diversification, the notion is often not entirely practiced when it comes to geographical diversification. Studies have shown that many investors tend to exhibit home country bias and are typically under-allocated to international stocks. This bias may have recently proved beneficial as these same investors have enjoyed the relative outperformance of the U.S. Stock markets compared to their international developed counterparts over the last decade. However, in addition to their potential diversification benefits, there are several reasons that international stocks should be on your radar for 2021, including, but not limited to, an expected weaker U.S. Dollar, attractive relative valuations, and the anticipated global rollout of covid-19 vaccines.

7. Sustainable impact investing goes mainstream

Many studies have concluded companies with superior environmental, social and governance (ESG) profiles have usually met, and often exceeded, the performance of comparable traditional investments. These performance results are on both an absolute and a risk-adjusted basis, across asset classes and over time. As a result, feeling good about the companies that one invests in and the returns that their stocks may potentially generate are no longer mutually exclusive outcomes. For these reasons, we see continued adoption of ESG-oriented strategies in the new year and believe that sustainable impact investing will soon become part of the mainstream of the overall investment landscape.

8. Dividend paying stocks used for growth and income objectives dividends accounted for 42% of the total return of the S&P 500 index for the period 1930-2019. After recognizing the importance of dividends, the next step is to find companies with a history of increasing their dividends and less likely to cut or suspend their dividends. This task became increasingly important and yet more difficult during the covid-19 pandemic. According to CNBC, 639 companies either cut or suspended their dividends during the peak of the shutdown orders that were put in place during the second quarter to help limit coronavirus' spread. This marked the highest number of dividend cuts or suspensions since 2009. Looking ahead, pressure on dividends should subside in 2021 as the economy continues to recover. Also, I would anticipate investors embracing dividend-paying stocks as an alternative to lower-yielding fixed income instruments.

9. Preferreds become a preferred source of income potential

One security type that income-oriented investors tend to forget about, or possibly are not aware of, is preferred securities. Preferred securities represent ownership in a corporation and have both bond and stock-like features. They usually pay a fixed income, have a par value, hold a credit rating and trade on a major exchange. Often referred to as "preferred stocks," preferreds also generally experience less daily volatility when compared to common stocks, have dividends that are paid out before dividends to common shareholders, and typically have a higher stated dividend payout than the corporation's common shares—and even the company's bonds in some cases. As the federal reserve has indicated, it is likely that they will keep rates near zero through 2023 or until substantial progress is made on the inflation and employment fronts. For all these reasons, we expect preferreds to become a popular choice for income-oriented investors.

10. Demand for municipal bonds remains high

I contend that demand for municipal bonds (and municipal bond strategies) will likely stay strong for the foreseeable future as income-oriented investors continue their search for attractive yield-based alternatives in this challenging yield environment, particularly those investors in higher tax brackets. While an additional supply of municipal bonds, both tax-free and taxable, may be brought to market in 2021 to help fund critical infrastructure projects in the U.S. As a result of an infrastructure spending bill that will likely be passed in 2021, this new supply has a high probability of quickly being absorbed by yield-hungry municipal bond investors. Other potential benefactors of an infrastructure spending bill will be the american people, in general, from an employment perspective and also sectors of the equities market, including materials, industrials, energy, utilities, and telecommunication services.

Best wishes for happy and healthy 2021 to everyone!

Disclosure: hennion & walsh asset management currently has allocations within its managed money program, and hennion & walsh currently has allocations within certain smarttrust unit investment trusts consistent with several of the portfolio management ideas for consideration cited above.

Investment 2021: prospects and pitfalls in a post-pandemic world

A global economic bounceback, opportunities in green energy, good value in post-brexit britain and even the chance to make money on big oil: all this and more is on offer for investors looking for profit in 2021.

That’s the view of five investment experts brought together this week by FT money to pick out some of their most promising ideas for the next 12 months — and air some of their concerns about what might go wrong as the world struggles to overcome the covid-19 pandemic.

“what will be the pace of the recovery?” says simon webber, a global equities fund manager at schroders. “surprisingly fast, if I had to bet on it. I think that, rightly, there is a lot of caution. A lot of people in service sectors have lost their jobs. But there is also a lot of pent-up demand.”

Or, as merryn somerset webb, the FT money columnist, puts it: “you only have to look at the high street now and the newspapers are jammed full of whiny, complaining articles about people going out and queueing outside the shops without face masks.

“we should look at that and go, ‘well, maybe they should wear a mask’, but we should also say, ‘look how much people want to get back to normal’.”

Mr webber and ms somerset webb joined FT money on a panel which included two other top fund managers — helen xiong, a partner specialising in global equities at baillie gifford, and alexander wright, a value-focused fund manager at fidelity — plus chris giles, the FT’s economics editor.

Unlike past years, when the participants talked over a convivial lunch at the FT’s headquarters, this time we held a virtual gathering from different corners of the UK — ms somerset webb and ms xiong from edinburgh, mr webber from suffolk, mr wright from essex, and chris and I from north london. Despite the odd fuzzy connection, the panellists ably tackled my questions and provided some valuable clues as to what investors might expect from the markets in the coming year.

Alexander wright, fund manager, fidelity

‘while 2021 may be a very good year for global economic growth, it may actually be a reasonably mediocre year or even poor year for global equity market returns’

What’s the outlook for 2021?

“I think people may well be surprised with the speed of the snapback in global economies and GDP because you’ve already seen a surprisingly strong second half of 2020,” says fidelity’s mr wright, broadly agreeing with the bullish views of mr webber and ms somerset webb.

Unlike in normal recessions, where consumers’ savings drop and debts often increase, household balance sheets are “in really good shape”, says mr wright, putting people in a strong position to start spending quickly and pushing the recovery.

However, mr wright has disappointing news for stock investors, saying that global equity markets may have already anticipated this economic rebound. “I think another surprise that you may well see, given how strongly stock markets have done and how high valuations are, is that while 2021 may be a very good year for global economic growth, it may actually be a reasonably mediocre year or even poor year for global equity market returns. You may have to be a lot more discerning in terms of what you invest in to achieve positive returns.”

Introducing himself as mr misery guts, mr giles gives a far less rosy view of the next 12 months. He says: “we’re certainly not going to make a full recovery, so we’re not going to be in a position at the end of 2021 where we can say it was a one-off shock and we’re back to where we thought we would be. There will be a certain amount of scarring from the pandemic.”

For the UK, the office for budget responsibility forecasts an 11.3 per cent GDP plunge for this year followed by growth of 5.5 per cent in 2021.

Mr giles thinks that even if developed countries roll out the vaccine rapidly, much of the world’s 7.8bn population will not be vaccinated next year, so there will be covid-19 outbreaks triggering new rounds of economic and social restrictions.

On top of this, mr giles says, companies have taken on “an enormous amount of additional debt”, while businesses in hard-hit sectors, including transport, bricks-and-mortar retail, and hospitality, have closed and jobs have been lost that will not come back “suddenly, overnight”.

In a disarmingly refreshing comment, ms xiong says that she has “no idea” of the outlook for 2021, even if “there is no shortage of people trying to guess what the GDP is going to be for the next year”. Working for a fund management company with a 10-year investment horizon, she thinks that long-term changes — notably technology shifts — are far more important to investment outcomes than short-term developments, including even the pandemic. So pick stocks carefully and stick with them.

Merryn somerset webb, FT money columnist

‘in the fragile sectors, we’ll have seen a lot of people go to the wall, which is terrible. But the companies which survive will be operating in a much better environment’

As well as causing havoc, will the pandemic create investment opportunities?

Yes, say the panellists, pointing to technological, social and medical changes, as well as the explosion in online commerce.

Ms xiong says that the pandemic is having an effect in “definitely accelerating” the shift to digital technologies. Having transformed the media, communications and ecommerce sectors in the past two decades, it is now reshaping office environments, education and healthcare.

Mr webber adds: “all sorts of businesses that have had to operate for nine months as remotely as possible have realised they can do it.” he cites financial services as an example — a sector which happens to be easily accessible to private investors.

Mr wright goes for retail, arguing that 10 years of movement from bricks-and-mortar to online has taken place “instantly”, taking some companies out of business while creating opportunities for the survivors, with lower costs and fewer competitors. “it really has been winner takes all, if you are the dominant retailer in your sector.”

He says that productivity “is definitely going to be higher . . . So I think profit margins across the board could surprise positively.” ms somerset webb agrees: “in the fragile sectors, we’ll have seen a lot of people go to the wall, which is terrible. But the companies which survive will be operating in a much better environment.”

Will the pandemic accelerate the green energy revolution?

Again yes, say the panellists. Ms xiong says: “I think that the most enduring impact of the pandemic would be the end of the carbon era . . . We are reaching the point where energy from renewable sources is cheaper than carbon-based sources and electric vehicles are better than cars with internal combustion engines.”

Mr webber agrees, saying that the pandemic has made people realise the importance of global problems requiring a global approach — and a common focus in public spending. “you’re seeing this alignment of the need to invest and stimulus programmes with environmental objectives.”

But mr giles — once more — sounds a note of caution. While paying credit to the good news in environmental policymaking, including the UK government’s recent tough emissions pledge, he warns that the pandemic has made it “more difficult” to pursue climate change goals because of the huge financial resources it has swallowed and debts it has imposed.

Also, far from promoting global co-operation, the covid-19 response has largely seen countries fending for themselves, he says, suggesting that this a poor base for strengthening co-ordinated action on climate change.

Ms somerset webb too is a touch sceptical, saying that governments are seizing on green policies as “an excuse to have massive fiscal spending going into next year and the year after . . . Probably linked to unachievable targets”.

For good measure, she adds that many green investments are now “quite highly priced”. A little provocatively, she suggests that the ordinary investor, with “no environmental targets”, might “happily buy into big oil”. They could take the dividends for the next 10 years and hope for another oil “mini-shock” to boost crude prices, especially as little investment is now going into developing supplies.

Will ultra-cheap money create inflation risks?

Yes, definitely, say our experts, but perhaps not immediately. Mr wright says there is “extremely low political will” to repay the huge public debt accumulated in the pandemic through austerity, public spending cuts or large tax increases.

Potentially, governments could repeat the policies of the years after the second world war, when interest rates were kept low to allow war debts to be serviced and permit inflation to rise and cut the real value of the borrowings, he says. “it isn’t a negative for actual asset prices but it’s a negative for real asset prices, as inflation just eats away your returns.”

Mr wright adds that it may “take quite a while” for inflation to re-emerge given the way that globalisation and technology have been pushing down prices. But the outlook for equities is clouded. “because of that inflation, the real returns from equities are likely to be a lot worse than they’ve been over the past 10 years.”

Simon webber, fund manager, schroders

‘we are finding more well-run UK businesses that look undervalued. I think there is something to be said for the argument that the UK has been overlooked’

Is the UK market a good or a bad bet right now?

Here the panellists are divided. Mr wright, who specialises in the UK, says this is the time to buy british stocks because the UK market has missed out on the equities boom of the past decade, partly because it is weighted towards old-established global companies which did not see much of the tech boom. The price/earnings ratio in the UK is under 15, versus 22 for the US market.

Mr wright says: “in an era when discount rates start to rise because of inflation you want to be in the cheaper companies and, in my opinion, the UK is the best-value market globally.”

But ms xiong, the global specialist, has serious reservations about the UK’s entrepreneurial capacity to create the kind of world-beating companies that, over time, account for almost all stock market gains. In the US, for example, a study showed that over 90 years just 4 per cent of 26,000 listed companies generated “all the wealth creation”. So the priority in investment is not picking markets but choosing exceptional companies.

“I’ve not seen the UK come up with a world-class company to challenge the likes that we see coming out of the west coast of america or the east coast of china,” says ms xiong. “the last one was probably arm technologies [the chip designer bought by japan’s softbank].”

Mr webber concedes that ms xiong has a point. “with the odd exception, we haven’t produced the calibre of growth companies that we should have done.” but he adds: “we are finding more well-run UK businesses that look undervalued. I think there is something to be said for the argument that the UK has been overlooked.” he cites, as examples of british technology leadership, companies in hydrogen and fuel cells.

Chris giles, FT economics editor

‘the big threat about brexit is whether it makes the UK a less attractive place for investors in the long term? And I still think it does’

Is brexit still a cloud over UK stocks?

Yes and no. Mr giles says that despite the huge focus on the end of the transition out of the EU on january 1, the expected disruption will not be a huge issue for the economy because it is likely to be temporary. “the big threat about brexit is whether it makes the UK a less attractive place for investors in the long term? And I still think it does, in the long term.”

Ms somerset webb says investors will return to the UK once the uncertainty generated by the transition and the trade negotiations between london and brussels is over. “they just want it resolved. I suspect that the foreign investors will come back to the UK.”

Mr webber agrees. “the financial markets have gone from obsession over brexit to apathy and just want things settled. I think businesses will, at this point, get to grips with the arrangements that are being put in place and move on.”

Will the global tech and green stock boom last?

Panellists have different views on this complex question. Mr wright argues that the benign financial conditions which helped fuel the surge in tech and green shares may prove unsustainable if inflation re-emerges.

But ms xiong argues that existing valuation models such as price/earnings ratios used to price traditional companies do not apply fully to tech companies, which don’t face the same physical constraints as older businesses. For example, retailers such as walmart and tesco face barriers in acquiring land and other resources to grow. These barriers do not apply to the same degree to the likes of amazon or netflix, which can therefore become global players much faster. “the opportunities we’re seeing with these companies, as well as the returns we think we will see, are totally different in magnitude to what we have seen before.”

Mr webber warns that new regulations, including tax rules, may be on the way, which could affect the tech giants. “clearly the taxation base of western economies is not set up to deal with where value is being created in the technology businesses. I think this is something that needs to be addressed over time given the increasing unfairness that you are seeing in terms of who is paying tax.”

But he argues that as far as the green energy revolution is concerned, there is still huge room for growth — and for investment gains. “there may be high valuations today, but for the winners there can still be some real value creation.”

Helen xiong, partner, baillie gifford

‘what I find exciting is that the shift towards adopting ESG is driven by the changing attitudes of consumers and entrepreneurs’

Will the ESG agenda have more impact on investment?

Yes, say the panellists. Ms xiong says: “what I find exciting is that the shift towards adopting ESG [environmental, social and governance standards] is driven by the changing attitudes of consumers and entrepreneurs”. They are pushing the financial community into action, she says.

She adds that the traditional division between for-profit companies and not-for-profit groups is ending. “we’ve seen in the past decade there doesn’t need to be a trade-off, that more companies are for-profit but also have a social purpose and the profit makes them more sustainable as businesses.”

Ms xiong argues that finance executives tend to focus on the G of ESG because governance questions are measurable, for example in diversity hiring. “but what really matters to society is E.”

Mr wright adds that the pandemic has also highlighted the importance of S — social concerns. Companies have been judged on how they treat their employees and wider communities. And this has a financial value — enhancing a brand in ways which ultimately drive sales and profits.

So, even in the midst of the deepest global recession since the second world war, our experts are focused on finding alpha. They may be cautious; they may be uncertain. But in china and the US, and even in brexit britain, they see opportunities.

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The best online stock trading sites for beginners 2021

Modified date: january 10, 2021

W hether it has to do with trading commissions, broker assistance, trading tools, or educational resources, finding the online stock trading site that will work best for you can improve your investment returns by thousands of dollars over the years. In this article, that’s exactly what we’re trying to help you do.

Compare brokerage accounts

Our selection methodology

In determining the best online stock trading sites, we looked at 10 popular investment brokerages. We narrowed the list down to the five that provide the broadest range of services, as well as the most attractive pricing. After all, this is a list of stock trading sites, so fees matter.

Overall, we used the following criteria to determine the best online stock trading sites:

Evaluations and ratings from major financial publications

Platform pricing

Range of investment options

Quality of trading platform

Availability of trading tools and educational resources

Areas of broker specialization

Each of the five stock trading sites on this list excel in each of these categories. It came down to relative levels of strength in each, as well as exemplary performance in one or more areas.

Best online stock trading sites

1. TD ameritrade

TD ameritrade might just have the best overall trading platform in the industry. It also has more than 360 branch locations in major metropolitan areas around the country.

TD ameritrade is particularly strong with their trading platform. They offer overnight trading, on a “24/5” basis – trading 24 hours a day, five days per week. Their “thinkorswim” feature provides professional level trading technology, streaming real-time data, customizable charts and integrated one-click trading. They also offer advanced trading, investor education tools, and technical analysis (with more than 400 technical studies).

But perhaps most interesting is the TD ameritrade papermoney tool. It’s a virtual trading account that lets you test trading strategies before going live. It gives you two accounts, a virtual margin account in a virtual IRA, each with $100,000. It’s perfect either for a beginner or an advanced trader to test various investment strategies without the possibility of losing money in the process.

TD ameritrade is simply one of the least expensive of the investment brokerage range, with a fee of $0 per trade for stocks and ETF’s, and $0 per trade for options, plus $0.65 per contract. There’s free trading of load mutual funds, and $49.99 per trade for no-load funds.

Advertising disclosure – doughroller.Net is partnered with TD ameritrade and we may receive compensation from them depending on your action. All opinions are ours and not influenced by any advertiser.

2. E*TRADE

E*TRADE is another investment broker that’s coming up fast. E*TRADE made a deep plunge into options trading with the 2017 acquisition of optionshouse, a platform that specialized in that investment niche. In fact, E*TRADE has largely kept the optionshouse platform intact, while adding its own specific services to the mix.

Much like other investment brokerage firms on this list, you can hold the widest variety of investments through E*TRADE. And while options are their strong suit, they’re also a major force with funds, offering more than 9,000 mutual funds, including more than 4,400 no-load funds with no transaction fees. They also offer a wide variety of target date mutual funds.

With fees, E*TRADE is about the best you can do when compared to the major investment brokerages. They charge $0 per trade for stocks and ETF’s, and $19.99 per trade for mutual funds. For options, they charge the base fee of $0 per trade, plus $0.65 per contract.

Customer service is available on a 24/7 basis, by phone, email and live chat. They also have more than 30 local branches in major metropolitan areas around the country.

The trading platform is one of the best in the industry, particularly in regard to options trading:

Related : read E*TRADE full review

3. Charles schwab

Charles schwab virtually invented the discount investment brokerage concept back in the 1970s. But they steadily added services to the point where they are a full-service broker, while still providing discount prices.

Charles schwab offers everything fidelity does, and is an even larger firm based on assets under management. But we gave fidelity the nod due to their stronger position in mutual funds.

But schwab has plenty of strengths of their own. Their training tools and broker support are second to none in the industry. Their fees are comparable to fidelity’s, and so is their investment selection.

If you’re a trader, and especially a new trader, they offer some of the best educational and training resources on the web. They also offer the full range of investment products, including stocks, bonds, options, mutual funds and ETF’s. At $4.95 per trade, their commissions are at the low end of the investment broker range. They are however high on mutual fund commissions, at $76 per trade.

But one of the factors making schwab one of the top firms in the industry is their robo-advisor platform. These days, virtually every major brokerage has one. But what makes their schwab intelligent portfolios robo-advisor stand out is that it’s offered at no fee. The service invests your money in up to 20 different asset classes, including commodities and real estate. It’s a perfect option for a new trader who may want to keep some of his or her money in a professionally managed account, while breaking into self-directed trading at the same time. That’s a big advantage for any investor, but particularly a new investor. And even though we’re primarily evaluating stock trading sites based on actual trading features, it’s always a plus to have a good managed option as well. And one that’s free is even better!

But one area of particular benefit to new traders is customer service. Schwab has it available on a 24/7 basis, and it consistently gets high ratings from major financial media outlets. For example, in 2017, charles schwab was rated #1 in customer service by investor’s business daily.

They offer a wealth of investment tools, including schwab proprietary research, which provides access to stock ratings, fundamental research, custom screeners, and much more:

4. Fidelity

We’d like to say this was an easy choice, but it was anything but. It’s a matter of choosing between five very good investment brokerages, and fidelity won the top spot by no more than a nose.

Fidelity is one of the world’s largest investment brokerage firms, with nearly $2.5 trillion in assets under management. The company started out as a mutual fund family, which is still one of its specializations. But it branched out into general brokerage services, and we feel it’s become the best in the business.

The platform offers something for every investor. You can trade virtually any type of investment, but perhaps what fidelity is best known for is funds, particularly their own fidelity funds. They have some of the best known and established mutual funds in the industry, including the $100 billion-plus fidelity contra fund. And in addition to the fidelity funds, they offer thousands more from other fund families.

With the popularity of fund investing–and the fact that fidelity is the second largest fund provider (after vanguard)–gives them the nod over the competition.

They also offer all those investment options with trading fees that are at the lower end of the entire industry. Their basic trading fees for stocks, options and ETF’s are at the lower end of the investment brokerage fee range, at $4.95 per trade. Mutual fund commissions are $49.95 per trade, but they offer hundreds of funds commission-free.

Their active trader pro trading platform is one of the best in the industry, and they provide abundant trading tools and educational resources. Fidelity also provides specific tools for mutual fund investors. The search and screen by fund family tool provides an entire list of all funds available, broken down by fund family. It lists fund performance for one, three, five and 10 years, as well as expense ratios and morningstar ratings:

Fidelity also enables you to choose funds by specific sector, and provides a list of the highest (four and five star) funds, as rated by morningstar.

They offer 24/7 customer service, as well as more than 140 brick and mortar branches around the country, a rarity in what is increasingly an online broker universe. As well, fidelity consistently rates highly among popular financial publications, like barron’s, kiplinger, and investor’s business daily.

Best online trading websites for

Every one of the five brokerage firms on this list is one of the best in the industry, and worthy of investigation, or even as the destination for your investment portfolio. Each is good on multiple fronts. But we’ve identified specific categories where each stands out above the rest.

Here are the categories in which we believe each broker is very likely the best in the industry:

Active traders: ally invest

Best trading platform: TD ameritrade

Options trading: E*TRADE

Stocks AND funds: fidelity

New traders: charles schwab

Factors to consider

There are a lot of good investment brokerage firms available, including every company on this list. But no matter what you hear about a particular platform, the most important consideration is working with one that best suits your needs as an investor.

Some factors to consider:

If you primarily invest in funds, selecting an investment broker with a wide selection of funds will be more important than choosing the broker who has the lowest trading fees.

Similarly, if you’re mostly a buy-and-hold investor, specific investment analysis tools may be more important to you than choosing the broker with the lowest fees.

If you’re a new investor, you might want to go with a firm that offers a combination of strong educational and training tools, excellent customer service, and a virtual trading account that will allow you to learn the ropes without using real money.

If you’re an active trader, commission fees will be very important, since they will affect the net return on your trading activities. As well, you’ll need a trading platform that will facilitate high-frequency trading.

For options traders, look closely at the features and tools available at a brokerage specifically for options trading. A platform that’s considered best-in-class based on individual stocks, funds or even low fees may not be your best choice.

Final thoughts on the best online trading sites

Though we’ve specifically designed this article to discuss the best online trading sites, any of the five would also be suitable for just about any other investment related purpose. Use this list as a starting point for your search.

And no matter how much you may hear that broker X is the “best”, whether it’s from friends, the financial media, or the internet, always remember that’s a general assumption, based on the “average investor”. The best online trading sites are the best online trading sites for you. Make sure the one you choose is right for you. You’ll be investing your hard earned money through the broker, and you’ll want to do that with a platform that will optimize your returns.

1 REIT stock to buy in 2021

Federal realty investment trust's earnings are going to be weak when it reports fourth-quarter results, but the long-term opportunity is still bright.

Shopping center landlord federal realty investment trust (NYSE:FRT) has been struggling, and it's going to get worse before it gets better. Here's a look at where this real estate investment trust (REIT) stands today, and why it's worth a little pain to get in on the still-strong long-term story here.

From bad to worse

Federal realty owns roughly 100 shopping centers and mixed-use developments, most of which count grocery stores as prime tenants. Although having a grocery anchor is good, since it brings in customers on a regular basis, that wasn't enough to protect the REIT from the negative impacts of the coronavirus pandemic.

Image source: getty images.

Last april, for example, the retail landlord only collected around 50% of the rent it was owed. By july, that number was up to roughly 75%. And in october, federal realty was able to collect 85% of its rents. While that's an improvement, it's still well short of the 100% or so that would mark a return to normal.

And there's another number that has taken a back seat of late, but which is going to become increasingly important for retail landlords: occupancy. In federal realty's third-quarter 2020 earnings conference call, management noted that about 92% of its space had tenants. But it added that the figure would likely fall into the mid-to-high-80% range in early 2021. At that kind of occupancy rate, even 100% rent collection wouldn't spare the REIT from material pressure on the top line. In other words, things are likely to get worse before they get better.

The long term

This isn't a pleasant backdrop at all, but it should be temporary. In fact, federal realty expects occupancy levels to improve materially in the back half of 2021. That's good news, even if it's at least six months away. Part of that optimism is driven by the demand it is seeing from retailers that want to be located in its properties, some of which are looking to relocate from nearby properties run by other landlords.

It makes sense that this would happen, given that federal realty focuses on quality over quantity. It has purposefully focused on a relatively small number of well-positioned locations near wealthy, densely populated areas. To put some numbers on that, the average population within three miles of its centers is around 170,000, and the average income is a hefty $127,000. On top of that, management works to ensure its assets remain prime destinations for consumers and tenants, an effort that includes internal investment and careful curation of its tenant list.

Far from a flash in the pan, federal realty has honed its approach over decades. In fact, it has an incredible 53-year streak of annual dividend increases under its belt. That is more than twice the number needed to be called a dividend aristocrat, and proves that the REIT's long-term approach to owning and operating retail properties works.

The one big caveat today might be the swift growth in online sales. While online sales have been increasing at a rapid clip, thanks partly to the pandemic, they still make up less than 20% of total retail sales. So online retail is a real issue, but it has yet to kill physical stores. What's more likely is that the weakest retail properties shut down while the strongest survive and thrive, since there will be fewer places to shop overall. That plays right into federal realty's hands, given its impressive property list.

Why not wait?

So federal realty is struggling today, and the near term won't show much improvement. However, that is likely to change as the REIT muddles through the downturn using the same playbook that's worked so well for a very long time.

The problem is that investors are starting to catch on to the long-term appeal here. The stock price is still down nearly 40% from its 2019 highs, but up 31% from its pandemic lows. There is an opportunity here, but it may not last long. Meanwhile, you can collect the REIT's 4.9% dividend yield (which is the highest it has been since the 2007-2009 recession) while you wait out the near-term challenges. For conservative dividend investors, federal realty looks like it is offering a good risk/reward balance -- for now.

10 best PTC sites (earn money by clicking ads) without investment

Are you looking for the best PTC sites without investment to earn money online? This is the easiest way if you are just starting. Online earning never been easier by clicking ads and completing surveys. This a great income opportunity for beginners who can spend a few hours on the internet and click on ads or complete the surveys to get paid. If you are seeking home-based part-time jobs and want to add little extra cash to your bank with your regular job.

This is very simple and the best way to earn money online without investment who have an internet connection and a smartphone or laptop. There is no limit to earning but you can earn a handsome income of 50-200$ per month if you take it seriously. The best things about these high paying PTC sites, you don’t have to pay a single penny, registration is completely free.

What are PTC sites?

The PTC sites (paid to click) are the websites that pay members for viewing ads. Anyone can join this for free and complete the mirco jobs to get paid. Advertisers buy the credit for displaying the ads on the PTC sites and publishers earn by completing small tasks and referring others.

For registration, you need a valid email address, paypal, or other payment processors as per the that given sites pay the earning to members after qualifying the minimum threshold amount.

There are some of the best PTC sites that pay 10$ per click in india. Name of the such highest paying PTC sites, I’m sharing the below with all the information to get started.

Top 10 best PTC sites in 2020:

Here, I’m sharing the genuine and trusted PTC sites. Join all of the highest paying paid to click sites and earn a lot of online money free. Let’s have a look at those top PTC sites.

1. Ysense (formerly clixsense.Com):

Clixsense is an online rewards website to earn extra money by completing online tasks, take surveys, offers, and many other reward opportunities for everyone. Ysense.Com is a part of prodege, LLC which is an american online marketing company based in el segundo, california. They conduct market research through polling programs and pay a reward for honest feedback.

This is the best PTC site so far. I have tried various paid-to-click sites but it is the highest trusted and recommended if you want to earn good money doing work from home.

They have different reward opportunities for members that you can use for increasing your earning. Paid surveys, cash offers, appen tasks, and referral bonuses are the main source of online earning on the clixsense website. Join it free by clicking here!

Earn free cash online with ysense. It has multiple earning options like paid online surveys, cash offers, appen tasks, and many more. This site has created and started in 2007, they have been paid out more than 35 million dollars to the 9 million members so far.

Get paid via payoneer, paypal, skrill, and amazon gift card. Also, you can earn a 30% referral commission for a lifetime. I have seen some of the people in the industry have earned over 100000 dollars from clixsense. You can earn it too with it for free. Join clixsense now!

I also earned from this approx 50$ as you can see the earning report below and received 4 payment. So, I can say, this is the best PTC site that is trusted and genuine that pays on time.

You can read the complete guide and my strategy with payment proof in this clixsense review.

My clixsense earning proof

2. Neobux:- trusted and legit PTC site:

This is the most reliable and high paying PTC sites, it has several options to multiply your earning. You can earn up to 0.02$ per ad click and 0.01$ per rental or direct referral clicks.

If you know the strategy of how to work then earning 50-500$ per month is not hard with it. They pay instantly to your e-wallet. The minimum balance required to withdraw is 2$. The best thing, you don’t have to pay any upfront charges to join, it’s 100% free. Later, you can upgrade your membership and grab some rental referrals to increase the earning. Also, share the links on social media and make some direct referrals and guide them to click on ads daily and be active.

Earn a 50% referral commission, join it for free. Signup on neobux

3. You cubez:

This is also of the best PTC sites that have over 494k+ members and 20,000 payment processed so far. You can get paid to take surveys, watch videos, complete offers, and earn 15% referral commission as well. It has stared in 2007 and found 100% legit & paying.

Like other PTC sites, it offers you free registration for anyone in the world.

4. Wad.Ojooo.Com:

Ojooo is one of the leading and highest paying PTC sites without investment. It allows users to join free and get paid for watching ads, complete small tasks, and offers with persona.Ly offerwall. It pays up to $0.04 per click. You can make unlimited direct referrals and a huge earning potential. There have multiple options to increase your earning. Get up to 9.20$ for a membership upgrade as well. Joining is 100% free and gets started by clicking here.

5. Scarlet clicks:

Scarlet clicks is a popular and legit paying PTC site that has paid over $2.3 million cash to 100k members. Get paid up to 0.01$ per click and earn a 100% referral commission. It has multiple options to increase your earning by viewing ads, scarletgrid, and cash offer from different reward sharing companies. You can join it free and withdraw payment via skrill, neteller, airtm, payeer, and bitcoin. The minimum payout is 2$, signup here

FAQ about highest paying PTC sites:

Q1: do PTC sites really pay ?

Answer: yes, you can earn up to 0.05 per ad click if you join the above trusted PTC sites. You can earn even more by their referral programs up to 100% commissions. To earn more, register on more than 5 PTC sites and you have to work regularly to get a good payout.

Q2: are these PTC sites legit ?

Answer: yes, but finding legit PTC sites is really a challenging task. The most trusted and high-paying PTC sites are neobux, clixsense, scarlet-clicks, ojoo and there are many but these are the best PTC sites in india. There are very few legit PTC SITES which I already talked about.

Q3: how can I earn money from PTC sites ?

Answer: to earn money online with PTC sites, register on top 5 PTC sites which are absolutely free. Watch ads and complete all the micro-tasks like surveys, and participate in other activities and refer people as much as you can through your unique referral link.

Q4: are PTC sites legal in india ?

Answer: yes, it is 100% legal. Try to join those PTC sites which pay on time through paypal. It can be your best earning which is very easy to do, just spend 1-2 hours daily in completing all the tasks. Online earning from PTC sites is legal and open for worldwide people to join.

Q5: which is the best PTC site in india ?

Answer: all the PTC sites that I’ve shared in this post are the best PTC sites in india without investment. Some of the trusted paid to click sites are ysense, neobux, swagbucks, prizerebel, and ojoo, etc. The list may go on but these are the best PTC sites in india.

Q5: how can I get paid from PTC sites ?

Answer: all the PTC sites have different payment methods but paypal is the most common way to get payment from PTC sites. You can also withdraw your payment via payoneer, BTC, etc. For more, you can check on the PTC sites website and what is the minimum payment they process.

My thoughts on PTC sites:

There are many other PTC sites but I can say these are the best PTC sites in india. You can earn up to $5000 a month with highest paying PTC sites by clicking ads to get paid.

These are 100% trusted and genuine paid to click sites that can help you easily earn by completing surveys, participate in the cash offer, watch videos, click ads, and many other ways to increase earning. Do join these PTC sites and complete the tasks, it hardly takes 20-30 minutes a day and creates a sidewise income doing part-time work and make money online.

Please share this post on social media and your thoughts in the comments. Thanks!

Blogging is my passion, writing is my hobby and digital marketing is my skill. I started this blog to share my knowledge and experience. I’m a full-time blogger, affiliate marketer, crypto-trader, and digital marketing consultant from new delhi, india.

So, let's see, what we have: passive investments are the perfect way to invest because they enable you to earn money while you’re busy doing other things. But there are also a generous number you’ve probably never heard of. Here are the top 10 for 2021. At 1$ investment sites 2021